Giraffe
Afrikaans name : Kameelperd.
Scientific name : (Giraffa camelopardalis)
Region
: They are native to
most of Africa south of the Sahara.
Description : The world's
tallest land mammal. A cud-chewing hoofed mammal, which, with the
okapi, constitutes the family Giraffidae (order Artiodactyla). The
Romans called the giraffe "camelopardalis" ("spotted
camel"), a term that survived in English as "camelopard" and in
Afrikaans as Kameelperd. They have short bodies and very long
legs and necks. Their
coat is tawney and covered large with reddish brown
spots. They each have their own unique pattern of markings and their colour grows a darker
shade of brown as they get older.
Habitat :
The
giraffe lives in herds on tree-scattered terrain on savannas and in open bush,
open woodland and wooded grassland country. Ranges widely and is
found hundreds of kilometers from water.
Weight
: max. over 1200 kg.
Speed : max. can reach over 56 km/h
Height : height of more than 5.5 m.
Horns : Two short,
skin-covered horns are present in both sexes
Food
: Browsers, they feed primarily on acacia leaves, but may also eat flowers, fruits,
herbs, leaves, seeds, new shoots & vines. They feed from the tops of the trees without competition.
Their 45 cm long tongues are used to grip and pull leaves. A giraffe can go for more than a month without
drinking. Artiodactyls
have larger stomachs
and longer intestines than carnivorous animals because plant food is less easily
digested than meat. The necessity of escaping predators and the handicap of a
heavy digestive system have resulted in limb bone adaptations. They have no
gallbladder and have the ability to bolt food and to ruminate it at a later time.
Habits : Giraffe have exceptionally good eyesight, smell, and
hearing sences. Giraffe live in herds of two up
to 20 , individuals join and leave at times. Herds consisting of cows, calves, and sexually immature
males are led by an adult
bull. Bulls are not overly territorial,
yet hierarchy among males does exist, each individual knows status as they coexist in overlapping
ranges. A giraffe
usually sleeps in standing position.
Young : The same
birth site is used continuously by many generations. A single
calf is born and can stand 20 minutes after birth and follows its mother within
1/2 hours of
its birth. Maturity on 3/5 years. Gestation period 15 months. Birth
interval - 2 years.
Predators : Leopards, Hyena,
Lion, wild dogs.
(Calves).
Lifespan : up to 26 years in the
wild.
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